LNG Emergency Release Systems. Recommendations, Guidelines and Best Practices

Издание на английском языке.
This document is provided to guide operators and maintainers of LNG Emergency Release Systems (ERS) to safeguard life, protection of the environment and property in that order. ERS are common in modern LNG receiving and discharge terminals. Since the first simple quick connect/ disconnect coupler (QC/DC) systems were installed in the 60s, the industry has progressed to today's double ball valve and powered emergency release coupler (ERC) with position indication system and defined working envelopes. The ERS provides a positive means to protect the terminal from damage to the marine loading arms (MLAs) and to protect the LNG carrier (LNGC) from damage to its manifold and piping systems. The guidance contained in this document has been developed with the input of manufacturers, terminal operators and LNG shippers. A risk based approach has been used in its the development and it is recommended that terminals and other users of ERS use it as a template to better understand their specific location issues.

Contents
References
Abbreviations
Glossary of Terms
1. Introduction and Scope
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Scope
2. Emergency Release Systems (ERS)
2.1 What is an ERS?
2.2 Evolution of MLA Safety Systems
3. Recommendations, Guidelines and Best Practices
3.1 General
3.2 ERS Lifecycle Considerations
3.3 Examples of Best Practice
4. Primary and Secondary Purposes
4.1 Primary Purpose
4.2 Secondary ERS Purposes
5. Risks
5.1 Incident Summary
5.2 Risks from Secondary Purposes
5.3 ERS Hazards and Risk Management
Annexes
Annex A - Competencies and Training
Annex В - Suggested Further Reading