Response to Oil Spills/Ликвидация разливов нефти

Книга на английском языке.
When it comes to oil spills, certain readers may remember the M/V Exxon Valdez incident which occurred in Alaska. On 23 March on 23 March 1989, the M/V Exxon Valdez grounded in Alaska, North America, spilling 10.8 million gallons (approximately 41,000 KL) of crude oil. It is considered to be one of the largest human-induced environmental incidents to have ever occurred at sea.
Since then, tankers have been regulated with dedicated ballast tanks and double bottoms, and the number of spills of loaded oil have been greatly reduced. However, we receive reports of oil spills every year, and the number of oil spillage accidents show no sign of signifi cant decline. In this guide we will discuss the prevention of oil spills and how to deal with them appropriately.

Contents
§1 Introduction
§2 Oil Spill Accident Statistics
2-1 Coastal Vessels
2-2 Oceangoing Vessels
2-3 Summary of Statistical Data
§3 Countermeasures for Maritime Accidents
3-1 Countermeasures for Maritime Accidents (For Each Maritime Accident Including Those Between Ship and Shore)
3-2 Immediate Launch of Land Support Team
§4 Oil Spill Response
4-1 Oil Spill Progression Timeline
4-2 Oil Spill Spreading Factor
4-3 Spreading Preventive Measures
4-4 Classifi cation of Oil Spills
4-5 Oil Types
4-6 Oil Recovery Materials
4-7 Oil Treatment Agents
4-8 Oil Spill Response
4-9 Oil Spill from a Vessel with a Hole Rupture
§5 Case Study of Oil Spillage Accidents
5-1 Oceangoing Vessel Case
5-1-1 Accident Overview
5-1-2 Accident Treatment Expense
5-1-3 What Caused the Accident-
5-1-4 Accident Cause
5-1-5 Recurrence Preventive Measures
5-2 Coastal Vessel Cases
5-2-1 Accident Overview
5-2-2 Accident Treatment Expense
5-2-3 Extent of Damage
5-2-4 What Caused the Accident-
5-2-5 Accident Cause
5-2-6 Recurrence Preventive Measures
§6 Conclusion
References
Acknowledgement of Provided References and Materials
P.51 Answer to Quiz
Attachment 1: Oil Recovery Procedure by Oil Type
Attachment 2: Flowchart of Oil Spill Response (Example)
Attachment 3: Response Framework to Major Oil Pollution Incidents in Japan (Organisation Chart)
Attachment 4: Oil Spill Report Form: Sample