Marine Fuel Oil Advisory 2021 / Консультация по судовому топливу 2021

Издание на английском языке
Ship-sourced emissions have received increased scrutiny from the International Maritime Organization (IMO), government environmental agencies, public health advocates and non-governmental environmental groups. The goal of these entities is to reduce ship emissions to improve air quality. Initial regulations have been geared toward reducing SOx and NOx emissions in areas where shipping crosses paths with people, such as coastal and port areas. The IMO’s 2020 Global Sulfur Cap expanded marine emissions requirements further, tightening limits on SOx emissions in waters outside of coastal zones.

Table of contents
Introduction
Terminology
Background
Section 1 – International requirements
SECAs and ECAs
Bunker Delivery Notes and Sampling
Section 2 – Regional, national and local requirements
EU In-port Regulations
EU Commission Decision on LNG Carriers
United States Regulations
California Air Resources Board (CARB) Regulations
California At-Berth Ocean-Going Vessels Regulation
The People’s Republic of China Regulations
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the PRC Regulations
Section 3 – Marine fuels
Fuel Standards
Fuel Types
Distillate Type Ultra-Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (ULSFO-DM) And Distillate
Type Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (VLSFO-DM)
Residual Type Ultra-Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (ULSFO-RM)
Residual Type Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (VLSFO-RM)
Biofuels
Section 4 – 2020 Fuel considerations and impact on operations
Compliance Options
Key Considerations of Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (VLSFO-RM)
Operational Challenges of 2020 Sulfur Cap
Owner and Operator Preparations for 2020
Impact on Ship Design
Lessons Learned from Using VLSFO/ULSFO Since 2020
Recommendations
Section 5 – Fuel switching
Fuel Switching Considerations
Fuel Switching Requirements
Fuel Switching Procedures
Diesel Engines
Boilers
Appendix 1 – Fuel oil management plan
List of acronyms