Ocean Circulation in Three Dimensions/Циркуляция океана в трех измерениях

Издание на английском языке
Notable advances of the last quarter-century have deepened our appreciation of the three-dimensional nature of the ocean’s large-scale circulation. This circulation has important implications for ocean chemistry and biology, atmospheric science, and climate. Ocean Circulation in Three Dimensions surveys both observations and theories of the time-mean circulation, enabling readers to see the relevance and limitations of leading theories, as well as the patterns linking the behavior of different oceans. The book covers “classical” topics of horizontal circulation, and expands them to include shallow wind-driven overturning, the deep global “conveyor belt”, high latitudes, the role of eddies, and the ocean’s role in heat transport. Solutions to exercises are available online for instructor use. This textbook is ideal for students of physical oceanography, chemical oceanography and climate. It is also suitable for readers from related fields as it includes a summary of introductory topics.

Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
1 Physical Oceanography: Methods and Dynamical Framework
1.1 Observations
1.2 Concepts
1.3 Theory
1.4 Excursions: Paths to Oceanography
Exercises
2 Rotating and Shallow-Water Flow
2.1 Concepts
2.2 Theory
2.3 Excursions: Walfrid Ekman, Fridtjof Nansen, and the Fram Expedition
Exercises
3 Two-Dimensional Horizontal Circulation
3.1 Observations
3.2 Concepts
3.3 Theory
3.4 Excursions: Pre-Scientific Knowledge of the Ocean Circulation
Exercises
4 Surface and Mixed Layer Properties
4.1 Observations
4.2 Concepts
4.3 Theory
Exercises
5 Depth-Dependent Gyre Circulation
5.1 Observations
5.2 Concepts
5.3 Theory
5.4 Excursions: Henry Stommel Worried That He Came Too Late to Oceanography
Exercises
6 Equatorial Circulation, Shallow Overturning, and Upwelling
6.1 Observations
6.2 Concepts
6.3 Theory
Exercises
7 Eddies and Small-Scale Mixing
7.1 Observations
7.2 Concepts
7.3 Theory
Exercises
8 Deep Meridional Overturning
8.1 Observations
8.2 Concepts
8.3 Theory
8.4 Excursions: Oceanography through the Ages
Exercises
9 The Southern Ocean Nexus
9.1 Observations
9.2 Concepts
9.3 Theory
9.4 Excursions: What Wrong Looks Like from the Inside, Part I
Exercises
10 Arctic Circulation
10.1 Observations
10.2 Concepts
10.3 Theory
10.4 Excursions: What Wrong Looks Like from the Inside, Part II
Exercises
11 Heat Flux, Freshwater Flux, and Climate
11.1 Observations
11.2 Concepts
11.3 Theory
Exercises
Appendices
A DataSources
B Vector Calculus and Spherical Coordinates
B.1 Vector Operators
B.2 Components in Curvilinear Coordinates
B.3 Vector Operators in Spherical Coordinates
B.4 Thin-Shell and Traditional Approximations
C Tables of Notation and Useful Values
References
Index